内蒙古重要发展战略及政策效果分析

本文认为,改革开放以来,内蒙古自治区的重要区域发展战略一直以资源优势为依托,进行产业布局和产业结构调整,取得了一定成效,但总观全区经济发展,其中存在着深层问题,经济总量偏小,城乡居民收入水平偏低;经济增长方式粗放,结构性矛盾突出;城镇化发展不合理,规模小,管理水平低;科技教育总体落后,劳动者素质不高;生态环境压力较大,基础设施建设滞后。文章提出,要更加注重资源节约与综合利用,努力建设资源节约型社会,继续走资源优势转变为经济优势之路,实现经济的可持续发展。要加大基础设施、生态保护与环境建设力度,发展产业集群,加快产业结构升级,努力实现资源产业的可持续发展。     

Value Co-Creation Processes—Early Stages of Value Chains Involving High-Tech Business Markets: Samsung–Qualcomm Semiconductor Foundry Businesses

Purpose: This research aimed to identify both the specialized resources and competences for value co-creation when the value co-creation phenomenon is extended to the early stage of the value chain. Further, it proposes a framework that can analyze the value co-creation process in the high-tech business-to-business (B-to-B) market.

Methodology/approach: The research methodology was based on building a theory from a case study. The qualitative data was coded based on the grounded theory coding after collecting data from multiple sources.

Findings: Four critical resource types (financial resources, knowledge resources, efficiency resources, and intellectual resources) and five competence types (relational capability, collaboration capability, strategic capability, innovation capability, and managing capability) were constructed as the principal factors for value co-creation at the early stage in the value chain within the high-tech B-to-B market. Among the four resources and five competences, intellectual resource and strategic capability associated with value co-creation were unique findings in our case research.

Research implications: Our results provided new insights, which the value co-creation can be extended to the early stages in the value chain, such as the research and development (R&D) stage, in the high-tech B-to-B market, whereas extant value research was more focused on the late stages of the value chain. The reciprocal value co-creation process, which used four resources and five competences of both the supplier and customer, was proposed as an integrated framework to co-create value at the early stage of the value chain within the high-tech B-to-B market.

Practical implications: A supplier’s R&D, marketing, manufacturing, planning departments and the customer can utilize the defined resources as well as competences at different stages of the value chain in order to co-create value and improve their performance. In particular, the marketing department of the supplier needs to turn their eyes to the early stages in the value chain so as to seek a value co-creation strategy.

Originality/value/contribution: A value co-creation strategy was sought from a different perspective, extending from a late stage to an early stage in the value chain of the high-tech B-to-B market. The integrated research framework, combining resources and competences of the supplier and customer, was established to analyze the value co-creation phenomenon.     

2006年浙江省旅游人力资源状况的调研报告

该文为《浙江旅游人才状况调研》课题的研究成果。该文在对近三年的全省宾馆、旅行社、景区、工农业旅游点、高端旅游点等旅游企业的人力资源情况进行深入调研的基础上,了解浙江省旅游业人力资源供需现状,剖析浙江旅游业人力资源发展的特点,探求浙江省旅游业人力资源存在问题的深层原因,并提出对策和建议。     

区域旅游产业竞争力构成:基于竞争力性质的研究

随着区域旅游产业竞争的不断加强,关于区域旅游产业竞争力的构成研究也越来越多.研究取得不少成果,也存在很多问题.本文基于竞争力性质--显性或隐性、成长或非成长性、先天或后天获得性等,把区域旅游产业竞争力分解为潜在竞争力、外生和内生资源禀赋竞争力、市场竞争力.通过研究这几种构成的性质及变化规律,可以明确竞争力培育的重点与方向,制定有效的竞争策略,从而能够培育和提升区域旅游产业的竞争力.     

旅游产品散论

目前学界对旅游产品的概念存在不少分歧,本文择取如下问题加以讨论:旅游产品是否包含媒介要素、是否是一种经历或体验、是否是商品、是否包含目的地出售的实物形态商品以及是否包含旅游资源.本文认为,媒介要素是旅游产品的必要组成部分,不能把旅游产品看作经历或体验,旅游产品是商品,旅游产品中不包含旅游地出售的旅游纪念品等实物形态商品,也不包括旅游资源.本文着重讨论了旅游资源与旅游产品的关系,提出旅游资源不是旅游产品或产品的一部分,而是、也仅仅是旅游产品生产要素中狭义的土地要素.     

旅游高职院校教学改革思考

随着社会经济的发展,各行各业对实用性人才的需求日益增大,因此,深入教学改革,提高旅游高职教育教学的质量问题慢慢凸显出来。本文就深入教学改革,对影响旅游高职教育教学质量的因素进行分析并提出相应的对策。     

Credit market failure intervention: Do government sponsored small business credit programs enrich poorer areas?

Using local market employment rates as our measure of economic performance, we find a positive and significant correlation between the average annual level of employment in a local market and the level of SBA guaranteed lending in that local market. Furthermore, the intensity of this correlation is much larger in low-income markets. Indeed, our results suggest that this correlation is positive and significant only in low-income markets. This result has important implications for public policy in general and SBA guaranteed lending in particular.

FDI and economic growth: the role of local financial markets

In this paper, we examine the various links among foreign direct investment (FDI), financial markets, and economic growth. We explore whether countries with better financial systems can exploit FDI more efficiently. Empirical analysis, using cross-country data between 1975 and 1995, shows that FDI alone plays an ambiguous role in contributing to economic growth. However, countries with well-developed financial markets gain significantly from FDI. The results are robust to different measures of financial market development, the inclusion of other determinants of economic growth, and consideration of endogeneity.     

Integrating Religious Principles and Human Resource Management Activities

Many ethical problems faced by organizations concern human resource management. This paper shows how some religious principles can be integrated into a human resource management course. First, it presents a discussion of employee responsibilities and rights in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Next, it suggests how various principles can be applied to human resource management activities. Do to others as you would have them do to you is applied to equal opportunity. Thou shall not commit sexual impropriety (or in positive terms, respect and love) is the basis for no sexual harassment. Thou shall not steal (or in positive terms, deal fairly) is related to fair pay in exchange for excellent employee performance. Thou shall not lie (or in positive terms, be truthful) is needed for due process in employee disputes. Thou shall not kill (or in positive terms, respect life) is applied to employee safety and health, plus health care benefits. A list of potential readings is included for instructors to consider for their own courses.     

Indigenous Peoples,Resource Extraction and Sustainable Development: An Ethical Approach

Resource extraction companies worldwide are involved with Indigenous peoples. Historically these interactions have been antagonistic, yet there is a growing public expectation for improved ethical performance of resource industries to engage with Indigenous peoples. (Crawley and Sinclair, Journal of Business Ethics 45, 361–373 (2003)) proposed an ethical model for human resource practices with Indigenous peoples in Australian mining companies. This paper expands on this work by re-framing the discussion within the context of sustainable development, extending it to Canada, and generalizing to other resource industries. We argue that it is unethical to sacrifice the viability of Indigenous cultures for industrial resource extraction; it is ethical to engage with indigenous peoples in a manner consistent with their wishes and needs as they perceive them. We apply these ideas to a case study in the coastal temperate rainforest of Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada. In this case a scientific panel comprised of Nuu-Chah-Nulth elders, forest scientists and management professionals, achieved full consensus on developing sustainable forest practice standards by drawing equally on Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge and Western science in the context of one of the most heated and protracted environmental conflicts in Canadian history. The resulting sustainable forest practice standards were later adopted by leading forestry firms operating on the coast. Our analysis of this scientific panels success provides the basis for advancing an ethical approach to sustainable development with Indigenous peoples. This ethical approach is applicable to companies working in natural resource industries where the territories of Indigenous peoples are involved.David Lertzman Ph.D. is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Environmental Management and Sustainable Development and Senior Associate with the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies at the Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary. He teaches courses on Sustainable Development With Indigenous Peoples at the Graduate and Undergraduate levels, and in the MSc Program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean. Dr. Lertzman also teaches a Wilderness Retreat on Leadership for Sustainable Development in the MBA program. He is a private consultant and has worked in many Indigenous communities, mostly in Western Canada.Harrie Vredenburg Ph.D. is Professor and Suncor Energy Chair in Competitive Strategy and Sustainable Development at the Haskayne School of Business at the University of Calgary where he is also Director of the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies. He teaches in Haskaynes MBA and PhD programs. He is also Academic Chair of the MSc program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean offered by the Haskayne School of Business at the Quito Ecuador campus of regional partner, the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). He regularly teaches in the Latin American program.